The One Child Policy and Gender Inequality Essay -- chinese culture,e

Given the high sex ratio in recent China population report, the abnormally excessive male possess exemplifies the persistence of son preference on womens fertility behavior. Son preference rooted in Chinese agriculture-based economy and historical feudalism, in eubstance with the reliance on laborers and continuing the family line. Older people prefer to depend on their sons to get financial and physical support, while daughters are regarded as quality of their husbands family since the day of marriage.However, the wish of having multiple children, especially boys, was challenged by the strict One Child policy in 1979. The One Child policy, overly known as Family Planning policy, was implemented across the country as one of fundamental national policies under the administration of Population and Family Planning Commission. establish on the purpose of lowering fertility rates to ease social pressure and improve living standard, a married couple is only allowed to throw one child with some exceptions made for some ethnic minorities and rural families. The majority of citizens are classified by ethnics and occupations to fit the specific regulations of compensations and punishments to prevent them from having a second child (Li, J., & Cooney, R, S. 1993). This proposal eventually triggered a profound introspection which chronically melted patriarchal cultures. The broad topic of how governments decisions alter social norms is discussed within five sociological studies in my essay in allusion to the impacts of One Child policy on gender disparity. Key questionsGender inequality involves ideological preference and physical loss of equal opportunities to gain. The five articles examined the indirect effort of One Child policy on... ...onal Journal of Educational Development, 5, 474-486.Li, J., & Cooney, R, S. (1993). Son preference and one child policy in china 1979-1988. Population Research and form _or_ system of government Review, 12(3), 277-296.Liu, F. ( 2006) Boys as only-children and girls as only-childrenparental gendered expectations of the only-child in the nuclear Chinese family in present-day China, Gender and Education, 18(5), 491-505Merli, M. G., & Smith, H. L. (2002). Has the Chinese Family Planning Policy beensuccessful in changing fertility preferences?. Demography, 39(3), 557-572.Ming,T., & Lynne,R. (2002). The only child and educational opportunity for girls in urban China. Gender & Society, 16(1), 74-92.Zhai, F.,&Gao, Q. (2010). Center-based care in the context of one child policy in China Do child gender and siblings matter?.Population Research and Policy Review, 29(5), 745-774.

Hegel vs. Kant :: Spanish Essays

Le point de dpart de la philosophie critique de Kant est la philosophie rationaliste de Leibniz-Wolff . score linfluence de Hume et de Rousseau, qui, selon ses propres termes, le mit sur le droit chemin, et provoqua chez lui une rvolution de la rflexion, Kant sort de son sommeil dogmatique en matire de contenus et de mthodes, et labore sa propre mthode de rflexion philosophique. Lexpression critique transcendantale qualifie le mieux la mthode dinvestigation philosophique de Kant. La philosophie rationaliste qui nonce que Ce qui nous (gtrmek) au savior exacte est les connaissances et les lois a priori synthetis avec la critique de causalit de Hume et les oeuvres de Rousseau donne la nasisance de cette philosophie critique. Sa volont de tracer les frontires dans tous les matires est li la qualit critique de sa philosophie. Critique est la sparation dans une autre terme. Son livre Critique de la Raison axenic publi en 1781, fond la base thorique de critisisme. Cette oeuvre argument e pour norte savoir ne puisse jamais transcende lexperience mais il est quasi a priori et suit un schme de raisonnement Lexamination des elements du savoir (transcendantale elementaire) , lexamination de la mthode (transcendantale mthodique) en tant sensible (transcendantale sthetique). Elle cherche aratrmak les frontires et la construction du savoir humain. Cette mthode transcendantale est la mthode qui examine le savoir en soi mais pas le savoir orient tel ou tel objet.Elle cherche aussi trouver la nature exacte des interets ou buts de la raison et la moyenne de puovoir raliser ces interets. Kant s crop ce que Leibniz confonde Les jugements analytique et synthetique Les jugements a priori et a posteriori(empirique)Les jugements analytiques expliquent seulement les ideals ( le jugement les objets occupent une place ne donne pas une information puisque occuper une place constitue la dfinition meme de lobjet) mais ceux qui sont synthtique largissent notre connaissance ( le jugem ent cet objet est lourd tablit une relation entre le concept dobjet et detre lourd) Les jugements analytiques sont a priori mais les jugements synthetiques peuvent etre la fois a priori et empirique. Ce problme de pouvoir etre a priori pour les jugements synthtiques definit le thme principale de La critique de la Raison Pure.Kant appelle ces jugements synthtiques a priori, la seule source du savoir exacte. l synthtise lidealisme allemand avec lempirisme et philosophe sur un chemin empiriste rationale.

Huck Finn’s Experiences Essay examples -- essays papers

huckaback Finns Experiences In Mark Twains The Adventures of huckabackleberry Finn, Twain presents the problem of slavery in America in the 19th Century. Twain poses this problem in the form of a character reference named Huckleberry Finn, a flannel boy raised in the antebellum South. Huck starts to question his view regarding slavery when he acquaints himself more intimately with a runaway slave epoch he himself tries to run away. Hucks development as a character is affected by societys influence on his experiences age growing up in the South, running away with Jim, and trying to save Jim. Although Huck decides to free Jim, Hucks deformed conscience convinces him that he is doing the prostitute thing. Hucks experiences in the society impact his conscience by raising him to believe that human beings can be property. This quote by breast Finn is taken from a conversation that he is having about a black professor from the North, prowling, thieving, infernal, white-shir ted free nigger, and- (Twain, pg 27). In this quote, Pap Finn expresses his feelings towards black deal, and he is not the sole(prenominal) person to think this way. Pap feels as if the most accomplished black man is always beneath the basest white man. When Huck returns to Aunt Sally, they have this conversation Aunt Sally Good Gracious anybody hurt?Huck Nom. Killed a niggerAunt Sally Well, its lucky because sometimes people do get hurt(Twain, pg 221) Southern society seems to share this idea of how white people belittle blacks. Aunt Sally shows how it does not really head about a nigger being shot and how she does not consider that a person getting hurt. Societys influence on Huck is clearly evident when he says, They took my nigger, w... ...as he must be white inside. This shows how in his mind, white is good and black is bad, but since Jim is black and he is doing something good, thusly he must be white. Hucks experiences and surroundings change him day by day. Ev en though Jim is black and he hasnt changed, Huck has changed and now recognizes Jim as a human being and not as property. Through out the entire novel, Huck has grown as a character because of the experiences that he has gone through. Along with societys impact, running away with Jim and trying to save Jim have also changed and impacted Hucks character. Hucks views on slavery have changed due to his experiences with Jim. Although the lay off of the novel does lead Huck to how he was at the beginning, the reader can still see how much Huck has changed and grown. Huck does not view Jim as property anymore, but as a human being with feelings.

Civilian Conservation Corps and the Great Depression Essay -- American

Civilian Conservation Corps and the Great Depression Our greatest occupation is to put muckle to work. This is no unsolvable problem if we face it wisely and courageously. It can be accomplished in part by direct recruiting by the government itself, treating the task as we would threat the emergency of war, but at the same time, through this employment, accomplishing greatly needed projects to stimulate and recognize the use of our national resources.Franklin D. Roosevelt March 4, 1933 Franklin Delano Roosevelt thus turned the lives of many young male Americans around. During a time when our frugality was in the greatest depression in U.S. history, he gave them hope and a frail at the end of the tunnel by providing them with a more stable lifestyle than was available anywhere else. Many people lost their speculates as factories and businesses closed, and the job opportunities for male youths were nonexistent. At first, people believed it was a disgrace to accept public assist ance, but the Great Depression changed that attitude. Both public and private programs tried to dish those who had no money. The Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) may be one of the greatest contributions to American citizens during this time of need. The Civilian Conservation Corps was created by death chair Franklin D. Roosevelt to create jobs after the depression. In 1932, as governor of New York, he introduced the idea of using 10,000 men who were on public relief to plant trees. During his 1932 pop Party presidential nomination acceptance speech, he proposed giving employment to a million men in forestry across the nation. The proposed CCC would take two-hundred and fifty dollar bill thousand unemployed young men to work on federal and state owned lan... ... still surviving. CCC alumni have donated many of the photographs and artifacts depicting their casual life and accomplishments to the Civilian Conservation Corps Museum in Grayling, MI. Roosevelts project truly made an impact on many American lives and helped to turn the economy around during one of our countrys lowest points. Works Cited Civilian Conservation Corps Museum. www.sos.state.mi.us/history/museum/museccc/index.html. Michigan Historical Center, Michigan Department of State. 26 April 2000 Moyryla, Uno B. Personal Interview. 20 April 2000. Pictorial Review Fort Brady District, Company 3613. 1940 ed. Wetmore, MI. Rosentreter, Roger L. Roosevelts Tree Army The Civilian Conservation Corps in Michigan. Michigan tarradiddle Magazine May/June 1986 14-23. Smith, Clyde. Youth Needed Corps Jobs Badly. The Daily Mining Gazette.

The Catcher In The Rye- TERM PAPER -- essays research papers

It is all Fun and Games until Someone Looses a RyeOnce is a generation, a moderate is written that transcends reality and graciousity .The Catcher in the Rye, by JD Salinger, combines a unique style, controversial theme, and thought provoking main character in this perceptive study of the human condition. This postwar novel protests against the loss of innocence and hypocrisy of the era and is the definitive coming of age novel. Salinger constructs a shocking reality, populated by phonies and bursting with falsities- a reality that is all too real. The Catcher in the Rye is the story of a young mans understanding of the world he lives in, and the things he encounters (Lomazoff 3). This massage is similar to other famous and influential subject atomic number 18as of the same nature. For example, Maxwell Geismar sums up the novel as an eminently readable and quotable novel in its tragicomical narrative of preadolescent revolt. Compact, taut, and colorful, the first half present s in brief compass all then petty horrors, the banalities, the final mediocrity of the American prep inculcate (Geismar 195). Holden can not understand the purgatory of Pency prep, and futilely escapes from one dark world into darker world of New York City. The second half of the novel raises the intriguing questions and incorporates the deeper meaning of the work (Geismar). Holden sits on the cusp of adulthood, tethering dangerously close to his fate and reality and The Catcher in the Rye is the story of his journey into the adult world. In addition, this novel is similar to other famous works of the same nature. Salinger emulates elements of Shakespeares Hamlet and Twains Huckleberry Finn. Like Huck Finn, The Catcher in the Rye is the story of a young mans journey into adulthood. Holden journeys into the human condition, Huck likewise seeks out human nature. Huck, like Holden, hates hypocrisy, and fells the need to search for integrity. Similarly, both works start out the same wa y. Their aboveboard exposition of location and scope draws in the mind, and fastens it securely to the page. Holdens opening speech is merely a modernized and adapted version of Hucks. Holden Caulfield strikes umpteen readers as an urbanized version of Huck Finn (Lomazoff 3). In William Shakespeares Hamlet, things Price Hamlet cannot control dominate his thoughts and life. ... ...universal meaning of the novel has won over heretofore the most stubborn censors. Critics love this novel, and praise the author. Burger admires the theme, style, diction, and the issues raised in his review for The New York Times (Burger). Smith praises the adolescent nature, magic of the novel, and psychoanalysis of teens in the Saturday canvas of Literature (Smith). Both men understand the motivation of Salinger, and respectfully praise his coming-of age masterpiece. This unusually brilliant novel withstood the critics before angry censors.The Catcher in the Rye is universally appealing as a coming of age novel. Holden Caulfield is the ultimate protagonist, and stands for everything that is good within the human spirit. The Catcher in the Rye raises questions that are of epic proportions, and masterfully allows the scholar to interpret an individual answer. Perhaps Holden is too raunchy, perverse, or mentally unstable to be a hero yet his human side and flaws are what seem to be his most idiosyncratic and admirable traits. Holden Caulfield, this modern Huckleberry Finn, reminds everyone of how bad growing up disembodied spirits but never makes us feel sorry for it.

The Catcher In The Rye- TERM PAPER -- essays research papers

It is each(prenominal) Fun and Games until Someone Looses a RyeOnce is a generation, a book is written that transcends reality and creation .The Catcher in the Rye, by JD Salinger, combines a unique style, controversial theme, and thought provoking main character in this perceptive study of the human condition. This postwar novel protests against the loss of innocence and hypocrisy of the era and is the definitive coming of age novel. Salinger constructs a shocking reality, populated by phonies and bursting with falsities- a reality that is all too real. The Catcher in the Rye is the story of a young mans insureing of the world he lives in, and the things he encounters (Lomazoff 3). This work is similar to other historied and influential whole kit of the same nature. For example, Maxwell Geismar sums up the novel as an eminently readable and quotable novel in its tragicomic narrative of preadolescent revolt. Compact, taut, and colorful, the rootage half presents in brief compa ss all then petty horrors, the banalities, the final mediocrity of the American prep school (Geismar 195). Holden can not understand the purgatory of Pency prep, and futilely escapes from one dark world into darker world of New York City. The second half of the novel raises the intriguing questions and incorporates the deeper meaning of the work (Geismar). Holden sits on the cusp of adulthood, tethering perilously close to his fate and reality and The Catcher in the Rye is the story of his journey into the adult world. In addition, this novel is similar to other famous works of the same nature. Salinger emulates ele manpowerts of Shakespeares Hamlet and Twains huckabackleberry Finn. Like Huck Finn, The Catcher in the Rye is the story of a young mans journey into adulthood. Holden journeys into the human condition, Huck likewise seeks out human nature. Huck, like Holden, hates hypocrisy, and fells the need to search for integrity. Similarly, both works start out the same way. Their simple exposition of location and kitchen stove draws in the mind, and fastens it securely to the page. Holdens opening speech is merely a modernized and adapted stochastic variable of Hucks. Holden Caulfield strikes many readers as an urbanized version of Huck Finn (Lomazoff 3). In William Shakespeares Hamlet, things Price Hamlet cannot control dominate his thoughts and life. ... ...universal meaning of the novel has won over even the most stubborn censors. Critics make out this novel, and praise the author. Burger admires the theme, style, diction, and the issues raised in his review for The New York Times (Burger). Smith praises the adolescent nature, magic of the novel, and psychoanalysis of teens in the Saturday Review of Literature (Smith). Both men understand the motivation of Salinger, and respectfully praise his coming-of age masterpiece. This unusually brilliant novel withstood the critics before angry censors.The Catcher in the Rye is universally appeal as a coming of age novel. Holden Caulfield is the ultimate protagonist, and stands for everything that is good within the human spirit. The Catcher in the Rye raises questions that are of epic proportions, and masterfully allows the student to interpret an individual answer. Perhaps Holden is too raunchy, perverse, or mentally unstable to be a hero yet his human side and flaws are what come along to be his most idiosyncratic and admirable traits. Holden Caulfield, this modern Huckleberry Finn, reminds everyone of how bad growing up feels but never makes us feel sorry for it.

Virtual Learning Environment In Higher Education Education Essay

The purpose of blackboard platform has been adopted by legion(predicate) higher achievement mental homes. But a few surveies have been carried out on its touch on scholarly persons, prattles and administrations. This thesis is about the reach of operable achievement environs softwargon much(prenominal)(prenominal) as blackboard in higher attainment establishments a instance lot has antecedently appearancen that the Blackboard packet boat is be utilize chiefly for administrative maps and non to its maximal capacity.RecognitionThough merely my name appears on the screen of this thesis, a great many race have contri thated to its production. I owe my gratitude to totally those people who have made this thesis possible and because of whom my experience has been one that I give care for everlastingly.My deepest gratitude is to my adviser, Dr.William Micheal Gasser. I have been surprisingly fortunate to hold an adviser who gave me the freedom to research on my ain, a nd at the same clip the counsel to retrieve when my stairss faltered.I am besides grateful to him for promoting the usage of right grammar and consistent notation in my Hagiographas and for carefully training and noticing on infinite alterations of this manuscript.Many friends have helped me remain of sound mind(predicate) through these hard metres. Their support and attention helped me get the bump of reverses and remain foc employ on my fall out. I greatly value their lucky consanguinity and I deeply appreciate their belief in me. I am besides thankful those who helped me in my research by provisioning feed arse through the on-line questionnaires. just about signifi tintly, none of this would hold been possible without the love and forbearance of my household. My immediate household has been a changeless(prenominal) beginning of love, concern, support and strength for me. I would wish to show my heart-felt gratitude to my household. My extended household has aided and encou raged me throughout this enterprise.Contentss1 Introduction 52 Introduction to VLE 61.1. Problem Statement 101.2. mark 101.3. Result and Actors 111.4. Scope and Scale 111.5. Ethical issues 111.6. Purposes and Objectives 121.7. Thesis Outline 132 Research methodological analysis 132.1 Library Search 142.2 Online Journal Articles Search 142.3 plainspoken devil Online Journal Articles Search 142.4 clear Search 152.5 Extra Literature 163 affect of Using Blackboard Software on Students and Lectors 163.1 Students 163.1.1 Students perceptual experience 173.1.2 Students military rating of VLE Components 183.1.3 Blackboard versus Face to Face Teaching 193.1.4 Impact on Learning 203.1.5 Impact on Learning Outcomes 213.1.6 Impact on Society 223.2 Lectors 223.2.1 Lectures perceptual experience 233.3 Impact on IS Strategy 253.4 Students perspectives 283.5 Lecturers positions 304 Decisions 335 Bibliography 34IntroductionIn recent old ages, the demand for discipline has changed because of an increased demand for a extremely educated work force that will be evaluate to larn continuously ( Alavi & A Leidner, 2001 ) . Education has become an un stoping procedure in one s life-time due to which the agency of command are besides being transformed in order to run into the outlooks and to maintain the continuity of instruction traveling. The acquisition which was ab initio done in a demo to lodge environment, is tone ending into an environment mediated by computing machines and digital engine rooms.In 1886, the first president of the University of Chicago, William Rainer Harper wrote the pupil who has prepared a certain figure of lessons in the correspondence school knows to a greater extent(prenominal) of the topic treated in those lessons, and knows it give away than the pupil who has c overed the same land in the classroom ( Harper, 1971, p. 12 ) .Since the 1970s, the Open University of UK, has pioneered the construct of modern distance acquisition by supplyin g blended learning environments of governance-to- aspect tutoring and class bundles including audio- and video-based class stuff. Since the reaching of the Internet, educational net-based engineering is germinating readily at universities worldwide ( Mason, 2003 ) .However, the demand of rea nameic acquisition has of all time so increased today, that we barely find a student/tutor who does nt go for or cognize how to apply the practical acquisition software systems available. Some research has been done on acquisition by Virtual acquisition environments, and they show a variable perceptual experience of VLEs for both pupils and donnish staff. In an rating of on-line distance instruction, Westerberg and Marald ( 2004 ) rear that university directors and instructors perceive this sort of instruction as a agency of making out to a higher figure of pupils. Students, on the opposite manus, appreciated the chance to see in a mode more(prenominal) self-supporting of limitatio ns of clip and infinite, than conventionalistic instruction on campus. Teachers experienced a heavy work load and high outlooks to be accessible to pupils, while pupils perceived the pedagogical quality of online classs being lower, compared to classs on campus ( Westerberg & A Marald, 2004 ) . The findings of high outlooks of being available to pupils are confirmed by Zhang and Nunamaker ( 2003 ) , who found that scholars perceive more chances for communication with teachers in a practical acquisition environment than in a traditional schoolroom.With these differing moveiments in head, it could be sensible to inquire if learning by agencies of practical acquisition environments is a phenomenon truly accepted by instructors and pupils. This thesis is being carried out to happen out the factors act uponing the pretend of practical acquisition environment for both the pupils and the teachers/turtors.Introduction to VLEAA practical acquisition environment ( VLE ) A is aA software A system authentic to back up acquisition and instruction in an educational environment. A VLE can work within an administration via Local Area Network ( LAN ) , over the Internet as Wide Area Network ( WAN ) and supply a aggregation of educational tools in order to ease assignments, communicating, contents direction and attendings.VLEs can be used for distance acquisition or paraphernalia traditional face to inhabit schoolroom activities. A web page is a front net interface that is browsed by pupils and academic staff, the back terminal can represent databases, web waiter and other relevant hardware and encase tools.Blackboard ( c.f. , Figure 1 ) is VLE package that supports and facilitates on-line acquisition and teaching.A A It enables,Course content stuffs, such as talk notes and talk slides to be uploaded on the Blackboard site for easy main be given and downloads by pupilsOnline communicating amidst lecturers/tutors and pupils by the usage of forums and treatment boards Online capable presentation and tutorials in a practical schoolroomGroups direction in order to ease treatment and convert of educational stuffsUploading and taking on-line assignments that involve automatic marker and feedback strategiesPosting proclamations on a site and e-mailing pupils enrolled on a peculiar class programming class and assignment deadlinesTracking pupils activities on a site andCourse work entry and its automatic recognition.Blackboard package is used by over 3700 instruction establishments in more than 60 states Smith ( 2009 ) .Figure 1 Blackboard screenshotMany researches have shown that pupils activities under Virtual Learning Environment are largely based on administrative maps such as subjecting assignments and reading messages in forums or newssheets. It has been found that pupils are merely active and engage themselves in cooperative and synergistic activities in ain environment such as in societal net workings ( e.g. , Facebook and Myspace ) .A survey in Smith ( 2009 ) showed that although pupils value resources primed(p) on VLEs such as Blackboard, they value more face to confront contact with their lectors or coachs.Lectors play a truly critical function in how pupils engage themselves with VLEs. Research in Smith ( 2009 ) has shown that bulk of lectors are replacing the bing methods alternatively of introducing new methods that will promote pupils to bask collaborative and synergistic acquisition methods. Another research has shown that about lectors usage of Blackboard has compound their judgement of pupils work capablenesss in the face to confront schoolroom scenes ( Woods et al. ( 2004 ) . In near of least developed states, VLEs are regarded as inferior to face to confront schoolroom scenes.If engineering is suitably used so it normally has entailmentant benefits to our daily life. The same chief applies to the usage of Blackboard. Appropriate usage of Blackboard has shown to hold important benefits to both pupils and their lectors. Some of these are outline below.Traditional methods ( face to confront learning ) were compared with the usage of Blackboard package for sociology pupils. It was revealed that pupils rating compared favorably in the gathering that was utilizing Blackboard with important addition in perceptual experiences of lector relationship and rating Koeber ( 2005 )The research in Campbell et Al. ( 2008 ) found that participants on on-line treatment attained higher Markss in their tests than those with face to confront method. This showed that VLE was linked with greater accomplishments.It was shown in Hepworth et Al ( 2000 ) that VLEs promote significantly greater critical thought among pupils than traditional method of face to face schoolrooms.It was revealed by APLU ( 2009 ) that larning results via Blackboard were better than face to face instructions. It was found that 56 % of talks ( with and without on-line experience ) recommended on-line plans to at least one pupil . It was shown that over 80 % of lectured with on-line talking experience recommended on-line plans.Farquarson ( 2007 ) found that on that point was an impact on pupils societal experiences at universities by take parting in on-line activities. It was suggested that this could be used as keeping scheme since supportive equal groups are an facet of pupils battle.There is clear indicant of the effectivity offered to pupils and their lectors through the usage of VLEs such as Blackboard. This is much arrive atd from the facets such as administrative acquisition and instruction lying-ins, for case, managing and accessing content stuffs, communications or proclamations such as forums or intelligence, scaling, attendings, assignments and feedbacks.With VLEs there are benefits of flexibleness and convenience of entree at anytime and from any go forth, there is flexibleness of communicating and coaction environment, this means that there is a big degree of control passed to the pupil.P roblem StatementHow does Virtual Learning Environment impact pupils and academic staff in Higher Learning Education?Virtual environment for acquisition can be considered as an sweetening of our traditional face to confront schoolroom environment, nevertheless the impact of both is wholly different from one another and this thesis is being carried out to foreground the positive and disallow facets every bit good as the impacts on pupils, teachers/tutors and over all higher larning instruction system.TargetGiven the job statement in this survey, the mark audience is academic staff, pupils, VLE package proprietors and any research workers arouse in VLEs and their impacts in HLE. The end is to hold a list of factors that VLE impacts pupils and academic staff in HLE establishments. The list will so be good for future support and sweetening of VLE package such as Blackboard.Outcome and ActorsThe chief result of this survey will be the list of impacts of VLE on HLE institutes that can be used to come on and heighten VLE in larning establishments. The histrions in this survey are Blackboard package users i.e. , pupils and academic staff.Scope and ScaleThe range of this survey will be limited to UK pupils and academic staff with experience of utilizing Blackboard package. About 150- 200 participants will be consulted online in order to carry on questionnaire exercising.Ethical issuesEthical issues were taken into consideration in this survey.There was no hazard of exposing topics to any hazard as the lone topics were Blackboard users who were merely asked inquiries about their experiences utilizing Blackboard and those who took specify in the teaching were good informed and were good cognizant of the purport of the study.No closed-door or confidential informations was required from clients during interviews or when their feedbacks were obtained from on-line signifiers. quiet down whatever informations collected during this thesis was kept confidential and used strictly for study and extraction of impacts of the use of VLEs.Purposes and AimsThe purpose of this undertaking is to look into the impact of a Virtual Learning Environment ( VLE ) in Higher Learning Education ( HLE ) . The involvement is in the ways by which the VLE provides pupils and lectors demands and agencies of back uping communicating and the sharing of resources in HLE.The undertaking aims will be supported by the undermentioned aims To reexamine the province of the art of VLE package and applications and its related engineerings.To reexamine the execution of VLEs and associated experiences of the stakeholders in the context of use of policies, schemes and precedences.To analyze the impact of VLEs solutions execution from the position of the pupils, research workers and lectors.To analyze the current arguments and future waies of VLE such as societal media and the impact of Web 2.0Show the findings of this undertaking as an MSC thesis to the University of Gloucestershir eThesis OutlineThe balance of this thesis is organised as follows. Chapter 2 out lines the research methodological analysis used in this survey. The impact of Blackboard package on pupils and lectors is described in Chapter 3. Chapter 4 nowadayss instance survey and decisions are given in Chapter 5.Research MethodologyThe purpose of this undertaking is to look into the impact of a Virtual Learning Environment in Higher Learning Education. The involvement is in the ways by which the VLE provides pupils and lectors demands and agencies of back uping communicating and the sharing of resources. native informations spotlight aggregation activity has been through questionnaires and through research by utilizing resources such as the Internet, diaries, and library. The questionnaires were conducted to pupils and talks on their usage of VLE package such as Blackboard. The questionnaires were merely through on-line via a web site.Below are the sorts of initial article searched and conducte d in the class of this survey Library SearchA library pass was conducted utilizing an advanced prevail in the ICT, societal scientific disciplines and instruction subdivisions. The keywords entered for the lead areBlackboardWebCTVLEThe hunt consequences were read and relevant 1s were selected for farther rating.Online Journal Articles SearchA methodical hunt was conducted, shoping equal reviewed articles published in the undermentioned on-line diaries but non limited toComputers and EducationBritish Journal of educational TechnologyOpen Access Online Journal Articles SearchA methodical hunt was conducted by shoping unfastened entree online diaries, related to VLE utilizing keywords such as Virtual acquisition environments ( VLE )Course Management Systems ( CMS )Learning Management Systems ( LMS )Blackboard/WebCTBlended acquisitionThe undermentioned diaries were accessed The Electronic Journal of e-Learning ( United Kingdom )The European Journal of Open, Distance and E-Learning ( EURODL ) ( Europe )The Journal of Distance Education ( Canada )Australian Journal of Educational TechnologyAustralian The International Journal of Emerging Technologies and SocietyWeb SearchThe undermentioned keywords were entered into a web hunt engine ( google.com )Distance acquisitionBlackboard/WebCTVLEE-learningMobile larningWeb 2.0Social mediaSocial packagePersonal webPersonal acquisition environmentOpen educational resourcesOpen beginningExtra LiteratureIn add-on, articles recommended by friends and supervisor were studied and relevant stuffs were extracted and used.Statistical package such as Microsoft Excel was used to analyze informations obtained from questionnaires.Impact of Using Blackboard Software on Students and LectorsStudentsA two twelvemonth study in Midwestern University in USA by Lonn and Teasley ( 2009 ) found that 95 % of pupils at the campus were utilizing Blackboard and 95 % of their activities in the Blackboard were based on communicating and archive direct ion. Merely 5 % were on synergistic activities such as Wikis, chat and treatment boards.In New Zealand, it was found by Santhiveeran ( 2006 ) that the Blackboard was accessed 23 hours a twenty-four hours. The most popular environment was paperss country where pupils could download talk notes, slide and assignments.A research conducted by JISC in UK revealed that pupils are merely interested with Blackboard features that run into their demands and sometimes merely when they suit them ( JISC ( 2007 ) ) .Students perceptual experienceMany pupils in HLE institutes were either born or have grown up during the digital age. This generation of pupils are excited by engineering and perceive that VLE engineering such as Blackboard package will ever assist in the instruction enterprise. These pupils do non believe that Blackboard will of all time perplex their acquisition curve MORI ( 2008 ) .There are few surveies that have researched on pupils perceptual experience looking at personal feat ures and how these affect pupils easiness of utilizing VLEs such as Blackboard. Sun et Al. ( 2008 ) found that larning anxiousness on computing machines have banish influence on VLEs satisfaction. Lecturers attitudes on VLEs will hold positive influence on pupils VLEs satisfaction.Research conducted by Liaw ( 2008 ) found that sensationd usefulness and satisfaction were the major factors that contribute to pupils behavioral purpose to utilize VLEs such as Blackboard package. It was concluded that effectivity of VLEs can be influenced by a figure of factors such as multimedia bringing, quality and synergistic activities of VLEs. These findings besides suggested that pupils perceptual experiences was that inappropriate usage of VLEs package such as Blackboard is worse than non utilizing the engineering at all to back up VLEs.Students Evaluation of VLE ComponentsSharpe et Al. ( 2006 ) learned the usage of VLE package such as Blackboard was positively overpowering with regard to accessing class stuffs and as a addendum to traditional face to confront schoolroom apparatus. The survey by Mori ( 2008 ) showed that two tierce of pupils accessed class stuffs via the VLE and were really satisfied. Students besides valued the usage of treatment board found in the Blackboard and were satisfied by lectors who played important axial rotation in modulating them. At that clip it was found that pupils were non much exposed to Wikis and were less comfy with societal networking site such as Facebook with their lectors or coachs in them. My research conducted in UK with 50 pupils informally interviewed, all of the 50 pupils acknowledge the usage of Wikis and hence it was concluded that, now pupils are familiar with wikis but bland non comfy with talks in the societal networking sites.The survey my Morgan et Al ( 2006 ) established that the usage of confab and bulletin board in Blackboard was effectual in exciting brooding acquisition in nursing pupils. Students said tha t they developed more brooding accomplishments by the usage of Blackboard than a face to face schoolroom.Bridge and Appleyard ( 2008 ) found that assignment entry via Blackboard and feedback was positively received with 88 % of pupils interviewed pinpointed that subjecting class work via the VLE was clip and fiscal economy and 93 % preferable feedback via the Blackboard package.Blackboard versus Face to Face TeachingThe survey conducted by Oladiran and Uziak ( 2009 ) in Botswana found that the usage of Blackboard was non preferred as entirely usage of learning method. Students preferable Blackboard as a compliment to face to confront learning in a schoolroom. The recognised the power of IT in the acquisition, they accepted that the usage of Blackboard farther enhanced their IT skills and made them more independent in their thought. In general it was found that the usage of Blackboard improved the quality of their surveies, this was perceived by 75 % of the pupils interviewed.Two dec isions were derived by the survey of Benoit et Al ( 2006 ) VLE is non by and large superior to traditional face to confront schoolroom apparatus, based on the sum of acquisition, andStudents are systematically more satisfied the traditional schoolroom apparatus than with VLE. This is besides supported by the research conducted by MORI ( 2008 ) who revealed that pupils still value face to VLEs schoolroom apparatus. But pupils are motivated to utilize VLE because it us flexible, can be accessed at anytime from anyplace and saves clip.The survey conducted by McGill & A Hobbs ( 2008 ) proved that the VLE usage is suited in HLE institutes but non needfully better than traditional face to confront schoolroom apparatus.Impact on LearningThe research by Benoit EL Al. ( 2006 ) found that utilizing VLEs were systematically non really effectual compared to traditional face to confront direction in footings of larning publicity and pupils preferred face-to-face instruction.The survey conducte d by Arbaugh ( 2004 ) on an MBA programme showed that while there was minor alteration in pupils perceptual experience of larning between their first on-line class on VLE and attendant classs on VLE, there were major positive alterations in their learning satisfaction with the VLE as a bringing medium, their perceptual experiences of pupils interaction, and the convenience and easiness of usage of the Blackboard. These findings imply that as pupils obtain movable accomplishments and cognition in VLE, their perceptual experiences of the VLE as a positive acquisition medium better. Most of the major alterations in these perceptual experiences happened between the first and 2nd period that the pupils attended in the VLE classs, which implies that pupils need to analyze at least two classs via VLE before reasoning sing classs bringing medium. Therefore, academic staff should pay particular attending to first clip pupils choosing for a class via VLE in order to promote their engagement in following classs via VLE.The survey by Lonn & A Teasley ( 2009 ) , Attwell ( 2009 ) and Bricheno, Higginson & A Weedon ( 2004 ) showed that in footings of impact on acquisition, VLEs showed some accomplishment in footings of heightening communicating, the countries of larning where VLEs had small impact were collaborative and synergistic acquisition. In a research conducted in 20 educational establishments, Bricheno ( 2004 ) found that collaborative and synergistic acquisition did non look to hold major alterations in several establishments. Impact on Learning OutcomesThe correlativity between the usage of VLEs and pupil classs has been researched really widely. Percival and Muirhead ( 2009 ) studied two groups of concern and IT pupils at the University of Ontario in the Institute of Technology. One group was trained by traditional face to confront method and the other one by VLE. Both groups were evaluated by the usage questionnaires and there were approximately 40 % of respon dents to the questionnaires by both groups. The purpose of the rating was to determine participants usage of VLE package such as Blackboard and measure the impact of VLE on overall classs. Just a little figure of participants in both groups listened to the on-line pre-recorded talk. Participants who listened to pre-recorded talk obtained much better classs than those who did nt. VLE learning pupils made more usage of electronic books and talk notes, podcasts and treatment boards. Percival and Muirhead ( 2009 ) concluded that although today s pupils are familiar with network engineerings, it can non be taken for granted that these pupils will automatically go accustomed to utilizing these new engineerings for larning. Students are required to familiarise themselves with the benefits of engineering to their acquisition in order to do smooth passage from traditional schoolroom to online acquisition.Impact on SocietyFarquharson ( 2007 ) conducted an probe on the impact of different ma nners of tutorial treatment on making societal relationships among pupils. Three manners of treatment were selected for comparings Blackboard online treatment package, Blackboard electronic mail package and traditional face to face tutorials. The group with Blackboard treatments and electronic mail were more expected to increase friendly relationship webs amongst their equals. In add-on, older pupils reported a larger figure of friendly relationships. The findings suggested that, on-line engagement in Blackboard activities might hold an impact on pupils societal experience in HLE ( Farquarson, 2007 ) . This could perchance be used as a strategic attack to better keeping rates, since supportive equal webs are an of import facet of pupil battle.LectorsThe Association of Public and Land hand Universities in the USA published a papers on the usage of VLE such as Blackboard by faculty members ( APLU 2009 ) . In their survey of module members at US universities, about a one-fourth of a ll modules who responded were talking at least one on-line class via VLE at the clip of the study. over a 3rd of module members indicated that they have lectured online. Furthermore, the most experient module members, those with more than 15 old ages of talking experience, are giving talks online at a rate equivalent to faculty members with less lecturing experience. About a ten percent of all module members reported that they were in the procedure working on developing on-line talks. The per centum of module members who have developed on-line talks is about the same as the per centum of module members who have lectured on-line classs.Forests et Al ( 2004 ) showed that module members chiefly use the Blackboard package as a class direction or disposal tool to do class worldly readily available to pupils and manage class classs and attendings.Lectures perceptual experienceForests et Al ( 2004 ) established that module members attitudes were really positive when it came to the scho olroom administrative maps of the Blackboard package but their ideas were achromatic in footings of its instructional and psychosocial benefits.It was found that fe manfuls had more positive attitudes than males in footings of the Blackboard package s capableness to better schoolroom disposal and advance a positive relational environment. Across all module members, 34 % used Blackboard package to beg a greater diverseness of pupil sentiments than is otherwise possible in the face-to-face environment and 60 % concord that certain characteristics in the Blackboard system enhanced or elevated their appraisal of pupil work and instructional capablenesss in the face-to-face schoolroom scene.It was besides revealed that a sum of 80 % agreed that the Blackboard package helped them to clearly and expeditiously pass on information about talk demands, and 60 % agreed that the Blackboard package helps them better to run into the acquisition demands of pupils. It was besides revealed that 62 % agreed that the Blackboard package helped them to break their clip direction in disposal affairs and 64 % agreed that Blackboard package improved their pupils ability to derive cognition of class stuffs.It was found by Lonn and Teasley ( 2009 ) that both male and female lectors believed that the VLE engineering improved instruction and acquisition but were more positive on the consequence of it on their instruction than on pupils. Lectors perceived that the finest advantage of the Blackboard package was how it enhanced and better their communicating with their pupils. Very few female and male lectors chose learning or larning betterments as the most of import advantage from utilizing Blackboard package.A survey conducted by Mitchell and Geva-May ( 2009 ) explored attitudes towards, and attitudes impacting, VLE execution. In recent old ages at that place has been greater credence of VLE by institutional determination shapers, as evidenced by high degrees of larning establishment e ngagement, but greater module members credence still lags behind. This spread affects the permeant acceptance of VLE. Mitchell and Geva-May ( 2009 ) proposed that module members credence of VLE is influenced by attitudes related to four factors Intellectual reluctance, such as the concerns that pupils perceptual experiences that VLE is inferior to traditional schoolroom apparatus.Support, such as preparation, clip and aid.Change, in peculiar with respect to doubts the construction and operation of the educational establishments will alter and hence threatens their stations.Economy, where the greatest uncertainty was with the perceptual experience that more support would be needed to back up VLE.Impact on IS StrategyInternet entree connectivity has revolutionized the instruction orbit peculiarly on VLE. This is really of import as the connexion should be good plenty to be able to make a practical environment such that information can be accessed and shared without any hold or job and firmly.EffectssLikelihoodLowMediumHighNegativeAvoid indulgentBeneficialTable 1 Internet AccessSince VLE such as Blackboard package depends much on internet entree, any dislocation will hold all activities that involve the information flow between talks, pupils and institutional direction. The likeliness of this to go on is medium but the effects are really negative and therefore any learning establishment should avoid this to do negative effects by holding a backup communicating scheme, this can be done by holding more than one cyberspace entree suppliers and an automatic switch over one time one entree is lost.EffectssLikelihoodLowMediumHighNegativeAvoid prosperousBeneficialTable 2 SecurityModern communicating like high velocity cyberspace connexion comes with drawbacks. Security is the major drawback, privateness, confidentiality and unity of private informations fluxing over the cyberspace between lectors, pupils and instruction staff offices poses security breach. With wire less internet entree in about every place in developed states, the security issue becomes more important. The likeliness of this to go on is high, its consequence is really negative and therefore any larning institute with VLE as the manner of acquisition and learning bringing should guarantee strong encoding tools and sensings are in topographic point at all sides of communicating.EffectssProbabilityLowMediumHighNegativeFavorableBeneficialEncourageTable 3 SoftwareCollaborative VLE package plays a major function on the efficiency in instruction sector for maintaining pupils and lectors together. With these package, about everything is automated, scheduling, presentment and even instant messaging. The traditional message flows in an office is expeditiously organised. These package bundles are going really sophisticated as new engineerings in processing and storage capacities of personal computing machines are improved. The likeliness of these bundles to better is medium and hence inc reased productiveness in instruction sector, but its consequence is really good, therefore any establishment with VLE deployment should promote any kind of design or development of the collaborative educational package.Case surveyStudents positionsThe intent of this chapter is to supply an in depth position of of import findings that have already been reported in recent old ages.Students position for VLE was studied by Stephen Lonn and Stephanie Teasley in 2009. This survey does non concentrate entirely on pupil perceptual experiences but besides cover academic staff perceptual experiences. It makes peculiarly exciting reading as the survey is focused on an organizational execution of an unfastened beginning VLE, and so it is interesting to see whether the perceptual experiences of pupils and academicians are traveling to be different than those found in the usage of commercial VLEs.The survey makes a point that VLEs are used chiefly for the distribution and storage of class stuffs though they can be used for heightening coaction and interaction via tools such as treatment boards, confab suites, wikis and web logs. It farther points out that these tools permit VLEs to back up constructive methods for acquisition and instruction. A cardinal issue nevertheless is achieving pupils and academician s acknowledgment of the chances provided by the tools. It reports that at the University of Wisconsin ( Morgan, 2003 ) academicians reported that one time they have had used the VLE they did commence to reconstitute their classs and eventually their pedagogic attack. It besides disputes that there are a figure of other related surveies but there has been a short of longitudinal surveies which might descry how pupils and academicians change their beliefs and methods to the effectual utilizations of VLE in acquisition and instruction.The survey is conducted at the University of Michigan where they found that academicians development on VLE is voluntary and the usage of t he VLE is non obligatory over most of the establishments.They addressed a figure of cardinal inquiriesDoes IT better instruction and acquisition?No major deviance between pupils and academicians in footings of IT expertness.Major difference with respect the usage of IT. Students reported preferring a high degree of IT usage than academicians.Which of the following net incomes from utilizing information engineering in your faculties was most rich to you Contented sharing, Assignments confabs, proclamations agenda, treatment, wiki, course of study?There was a major difference between academicians and pupils. The most popular reply from academicians was that it enhanced their communicating with pupils, and for pupils the most popular reply was that it saved them clip i.e. , it was more cost-effective.The top four maps selected by pupils and academicians as very valuable were the same, if in a slightly different order, covering content sharing, proclamations, course of study and a genda.When analyzing system event log files this seems to fit the questionnaire statistics with 95 % of activities being correlated to content, assignments, proclamations, agenda and course of study. Merely 5 % of events were associated with synergistic and collaborative tools, treatment board and wiki.For efficient communicating, instruction and acquisition activities. Students and lectors were asked to rate specific activities categorised as either efficient communicating or supporting acquisition and learning .Lectors tended to rate efficient communicating activities as very valuable, more than pupils.Teaching and larning activities tended to be rated as valuable instead than very valuable by both pupils and talks.In general, the survey noted that both lectors and pupils agree that IT heighten instruction and acquisition. However lectors agree more strongly than pupils that IT can better instruction and acquisition. The survey suggests that pupil responses are perchance bas ed on how the VLE tools have really been used. The perceptual experiences raised in this survey of a non-commercial VLE such as MOODLE by pupils and lectors are no different to the types of perceptual experiences raised sing the usage commercial VLEs such as Blackboard.Lectors positionsThe article of Woods et Al. ( 2004 ) explored how far the Blackboard package aids and supports a blended acquisition method by analyzing its usage and impact on trey countries of instruction and acquisitionThe Blackboard package as a class direction platform, used as an country to supply talk notes, assignment, slides and other subservient larning stuffs as reading lists, course of study, auxiliary readings and external links. Besides the usage of the class system, the trial director and the appraisal tools belong partially excessively this country.The Blackboard package as an assignment tool. How far does the Blackboard package encourage diverseness, and animate critical thought and advance differe nt larning manners before or after a face to confront schoolroom session? Specific features in this country are the treatment boards and trial directors.The Blackboard package as a tool for schoolroom society. How far does the Blackboard package encourage set uping relationships and interaction between class pupils and lectors?In order to react to these inquiries a study was carried out and sent to 50 colleges and universities in 2003 in a Midwest province of the USA ( all acquisition establishments addressed were utilizing Blackboard ) . The study was done by 862 module members from 38 establishments 59 % of the respondents were male, and the bulk of all respondents considered themselves as really computing machine literate. Almost half had taught with VLE such as Blackboard package and a important bulk ( 83 % ) had received preparation or assist on how to utilize the Blackboard package. The chief reasonableness specified for utilizing the Blackboard package wereProfessional invo lvements ( 65 % )Encouraged by co-workers ( 27 % )Encouragement of pupils ( 11 % )The survey indicates that the dominant usage of the Blackboard package is in the country of class administrative affairs. For case75 % on a regular basis published their course of study81 % sent legion or sporadic electronic mails to the whole category59 % used the class systemsLess common usage was made of the assignments tool ( 28 % ) . However 41 % of respondents had conducted a quiz and 45 % had used a treatment board to promote argument and coaction.The Blackboard package was used less normally as a pedagogic application. For case, participants pointed out occasional usage of the treatment board to go on in category treatment or to back up treatment prior to a face to confront schoolroom session. 22 % used the group tools to partition pupils into treatment groups and about 6 % used the unrecorded confab or practical schoolroom characteristics to discourse class content online.The bulk of the lette r writers are to some extent impersonal towards the outlook that the Blackboard package can promote a schoolroom society. About 11 % indicated that the Blackboard system was used to develop a stronger sense of schoolroom society and the bulk ( 60 % ) pointed out they neer used the Blackboard package for this intent.In decision, the Blackboard package seems chiefly to be used as an disposal and direction tool as portion of a blended acquisition method. The large figure of the participants neer used Blackboard package for more synergistic class functionalities such as formative appraisal and for practical office hours. The survey suggests that the Blackboard package seemed to be used to tack traditional face to confront schoolroom apparatus.DecisionsThis thesis has presented the impact of VLEs on pupils and lectors in larning establishment. The instance survey presented has shown that the Blackboard package seems chiefly to be used as an disposal and direction tool as portion of a bl ended acquisition method. The bulk of the participants neer used Blackboard package for more synergistic class functionalities such as formative appraisal and for practical office hours. The survey suggests that the Blackboard package seemed to be used to supplement traditional face to confront schoolroom apparatus.The survey besides concludes that both lectors and pupils agree that IT heighten instruction and acquisition. However lectors agree more strongly than pupils that IT can better instruction and acquisition. The survey suggests that pupil responses are perchance based on how the VLE tools have really been used. The perceptual experiences raised in this survey of a non-commercial VLE such as MOODLE by pupils and lectors are no different to the types of perceptual experiences raised sing the usage commercial VLEs such as Blackboard.

Equal Opportunity, written by Walter Mosely Essay

In this short tosh, Equal Opportunity, written by Walter Mosely, Socrates Furtlow, an ex-convict, faces the dilemma of getting a job. Socrates served 27 years in prison after killing deuce of his friends while drunken. Furtlow was now living life as a bumb who went around selling old(a) bottles and cans to make a living. This grade tells his struggle to find honorable work as a black man in society because of his gritground. He ended up lying on his action because he was afraid of what people might compute. Although there was discrimination and disrespect non being completely true with people may observe tush to haunt you later.A 58 year-old man who hadnt worked in 37 years would have a hard time finding a job as it is the fact that Socrates was an African American didnt make anything easier. Socrates assumed places of business in his home neighborhood, knowing his background, wouldnt even trust of hiring him. So Socrates traveled approximately 14 miles and 3 bus transfer s from his apartment in Watts, to a Bounty Supermarket to try and get a job. He had been practicing for a week on how he would ask for his job application.Though he was a murderer and not a thief, as he entered the store, he wondered what the workers would think if they knew of his prison background. The assistant manager, Anton a young white man came up to Socrates and asked if could help him. Socrates felt as though he was being miss treated from the get go. After Socrates asked for an application Anton played dumb acting as though he didnt understand what kind of application he was communicate for.Once Socrates made it clear he was there for a job application Anton had yet another insulting question, Uh. How old are you, sir? (p. 2626) Being a man of imprisonment of twenty-seven years, Socrates knew his rights and knew that it was unlawful to discriminate against someone by their age or race. Anton continued to say that they didnt have any openings at the time and made it clear that he wasnt going to get an application. Socrates also made it clear that he wasnt going to be glum away so easily.I know what you said. But first you looked at my chothes and at my bald head. First yo eyes said that this is some kinda old hobo and what do he want here when it aint bottle redemption time. (Gates and McKay p. 2626) Everyone should have an equal opportunity in getting a job and at least a fair chance with an application. After Socrates and Anton discussed theirrights and the law the assistant manager went to the main government agency to fetch and application.The elevated office looked over all the checkout counters and where Socrates stood waiting. Socrates was then center of attention to all the bag boys and checkers as they all knew their boss, Anton was unhappy. Anton and an older white woman transfer a few words then she handed him the application and he stormed back down to Socrates. Rudely handing him the app Anton was about to go on with his day however Socrates wanted a pencil to hire it out and give it back.He had come a long way to turn in an application not just receive a sheet of paper and wasnt leaving until he did so. Thirty minutes later Socrates stood at the foot of the stairs lede up to the main office with his almost completed application in hand. Nearly forty minutes passed and he knew they could see him and he could see them just now he waited patiently, on the outside, though inside he was thinking of throwing a brick through the window.He had a few questions for the manager, Ms. Halley Grimes, when she finally came down to take the application but she rudely tried to brush my off as though she were too busy. She told him they would give him a call if it went through the main office and came back fine. He then told her he had no forebode and it would be better if they wrote to him, but she unwilling to help in any way explained that without a remember she could do no more for him. He begged for her to just send it in anyway and he would find a way to be in touch. So for five consecutive days Socrates took three busses to the Bounty Supermarket to ask if they had heard from the head office.The woman started to worry and told Socrates again that because he hadnt a phone he couldnt work there and that he returned she would call the police. On the fifth day he showed up and two gentlemen from headquarters were there to say with him. Socrates told his story and how he had been mistreated from day one and that he was told he couldnt work if he didnt have a phone. Socrates then explained that with no job he couldnt afford a phone and with no phone he couldnt get a job.That is probably the most unbecoming way of showing the meaning of equal opportunity. The two men explained why he would not be able to work at that office because Ms. Grimes was afraid of him, but that they may have a job in Santa Monica. Lying on an application is a crime in itself. Socrates didnt fill in one question on his ap plication know if they knew what he was he wouldnt have a chance at a job.The two men noticed theblank question and confronted Socrates. After all his talk about equal opportunity and the law, he lied and said it was just an honest mistake and that he was clean. So the two men gave him the job in Santa Monica and he would finally have a paycheck coming in, that is until the untold comes back to bite him in the rear. You can be fired just as fast as you were hired, or slow in his case, if you lie on an application.This story begins a series of confrontations (with violence lying just below the surface) that explore both the necessity and the irony of equal opportunity.Works citedGates, Jr., and Nellie Y. McKay. The Norton Anthology of African American Literature. 2nd. unseasoned York W. W. Norton & Company, 2004. Print.

American Literature and English Language Teaching Essay

M. A. black market in English shall comprise 4 semesters. Each semester shall have 4 courses. In all, there shall be 16 courses of 5 credits each. Each course shall carry 100 marks. Of these, 70 marks shall be reserved for theory (end-Semester examination) and 30 marks for tutorials/seminars (internal assessment). However, in course 5, titled Linguistics and English delivery Teaching, only 50 marks shall be reserved for theory (end-Semester examination), 20 marks for Practical/Viva-voce exam and 30 marks for tutorial/seminars (internal assessment). Of these courses, human body Nos.1 to 11, 13 and 14 shall be treated as snapper hunts, Course nos. 12 and 15 as Elective Courses and Course No. 16 as Allied Elective Course open even to the students of otherwise departments/faculties. The starred items are meant for detailed study. The theory component of each composition shall be of three hours duration. Pattern of Question Papers 1The pattern of question paper in respect of course nos. 1,8,11,13,14,15,16 (Indian Literature in rendering, Women Writing and European Literature in Translation) shall be as follows fraction A (a) Two Long-Answer-Type Questions (500 oral communication each) with internal choice 212=24 division B.(b) Six Short-Answer-Type Questions (200 words each) out of nine questions 66=36 Section C (c) Ten Objective-Type Questions to be answered in a word or sentence each 101=10 2The pattern of question paper in respect of course nos. 2,3,4,6,7,9,10,12,16 (New Literatures in English) shall be as follows Section A (a) Two Long-Answer-Type Questions (500 words each) with internal choice 212 =24 Section B (b) Three passages for explanation out of 5 passages from the starred items to be answered in 200 words each 36 = 18 Section C (c) Three Short-Answer-Type Questions out of 5 questions to be answered in 200 words each 36 = 18.Section D d) Ten Objective-Type Questions to be answered in a word or sentence each 101=10 3The pattern of questio n paper in respect of Course No. 5 (Linguistics and English Language Teaching) shall be as follows Section A (a) Two Long-Answer-Type Questions (500 words each) with internal choice 210=20 Section B (b) Four Short-Answer-Type Questions (200 words each) out of six questions 45=20 Section C (c) Ten Objective-Type Questions to be answered in a word or sentence each 101=10 SEMESTER I Course 1 Introduction to Linguistics ENG 101 1. (a)Key properties of Language b) Language varieties.2. (a)Major concerns of Psycholinguistics and Sociolinguistics b) Historical approach, Descriptive approach 3. Major concepts in Linguistics a) Syntagmatic and Paradigmetic axes b) Differential Calculous c) Constituent Structure d) Transformations and Deep Structure 4. Stylistics, its methods and limitations. Course 2 Poetry I (Chaucer to Blake) ENG 102 ChaucerPrologue to Canterbury Tales (Modern version) *Shakespeares Sonnets No. 18, 30, 63, 130 *MiltonParadise Lost, Book I *DonneThe Blossom, The Cano nization, The Good Morrow MarvellTo His Coy Mistress *PopeThe Rape of the Lock.*Gray wail Written in a Country Churchyard *BlakeThe Tiger, Ah Sun-flower Course 3 Drama I (Marlowe to Wilde excluding Shakespeare) ENG 103 *WebsterThe Duchess of Malfi *MarloweDr. Faustus *JonsonThe Alchemist CongreveThe Way of the World *WildeThe Importance of Being Earnest contrast and Growth of the British Theatre Course 4 Prose ENG 104 *BaconOf Truth Of Death Of Adversity Of Great Place Of Parents and Children Addison & SteeleOf the Club The Coverley Household Labour and Exercise Sir Roger at the Theatre (Coverley Papers from the Spectator, ed. K. Deighton, Macmillan).*LambChrist Hospital New Years Eve Imperfect Sympathies *CarlyleHero as Man of Letters Russellscience and War Science and Values (from The Impact of Science on Society) HuxleyTragedy and the Whole Truth (from W. E. Williams, ed. A Book of English Essays) SEMESTER II Course 5 Linguistics and English Language Teaching ENG 201 1. Phon ology(a) Speech mechanism and the Organs of Speech (b) Consonants, Vowels, Diphthongs (c) Phoneme (d) Stress, Intonation 2. MorphologyMorphemes Words and Affixes 3. Syntax(a) I. C. Analysis and its limits (b) Transformations of Movement, Addition, Substitution, Deletion.(c) Coordination and domination 4. English Language Teaching(a) Direct Method (b) Audiolingual Method (c) Communicative Language Teaching (d) Error Analysis (e) Teaching skills of Language listening, speaking, reading, writing. (f) Testing Course 6 Poetry II (Wordsworth to Arnold) ENG 202 *WordsworthThe Prelude, Book I *ColeridgeKubla Khan *ShelleyAdonais *KeatsOde to a Nightingale, Ode on a Grecian Urn *TennysonUlysses, The Lotos Eaters *BrowningRabbi Ben Ezra, Porphyrias Lover *ArnoldThe Scholar gipsy Course 7 Drama II (Shakespeare) ENG 203 Henry IV, Part I.Twelfth Night *Hamlet *The Tempest Shakespeare Criticism Dr. Johnson, Bradley, Wilson Knight, Caroline Spurgeon, Stephen Greenblatt. Course 8 fictionaliza tion I (Defoe to Hardy) ENG 204 DefoeMoll Flanders FieldingJoseph Andrews AustenEmma DickensGreat Expectations EliotMiddlemarch HardyTess of the Durbervilles SEMESTER III Course 9 Poetry III (Hopkins to Ted Hughes) ENG 301 *HopkinsPied Beauty The Windhover Carrion still *YeatsSailing to Byzantium Byzantium No Second Troy Coole Park and Ballyle *EliotThe Waste Land *AudenIn Memory of W. B. Yeats The Shield of Achilles.*LarkinChurch Going Next, please At spy *Ted HughesThe Thought-Fox Hawk Roosting Course 10 Drama III (Twentieth Century Drama) ENG 302 *ShawMan and Superman *YeatsCountess Cathleen *EliotMurder in the Cathedral *BeckettWaiting for Godot *PinterThe Birthday Party Course 11 Literary Criticism & Theory 1 ENG 303 AristotleOn the Art of Poetry BharatamuniOn Natya and Rasa Aesthetics of Dramatic Experience AnandavardhanaDhvani Structure of Poetic meat DrydenEssay on Dramatic Poesy WordsworthPreface to Lyrical Ballads ColeridgeBiographia Literaria (Chs.XIII, XVII & X VIII) ArnoldThe Study of Poetry (Essays in Criticism Book II) Course 12 Indian Literature in English I ENG EL-3. 1 *TagoreThou hast made me endless Leave this chanting and singing I am like a remnant of a cloud In one salutation to thee (Gitanjali) *Sri AurobindoSavitri Book I Canto I (Passages for explanation to be set from the first 64 lines) *Girish KarnadNag-Mandala The avocation poets from Ten Twentieth Century Indian Poets ed. R. Parthasarathy (OUP) *Nissim EzekielPoet, Lover, Birdwatcher Background, Casually Enterprise *Jayant MahapatraGrass, Lost.*A. K. RamanujanA River Love Poem for a Wife I Obituary *Kamala DasMy nannas House A Hot Noon in Malabar The Invitation OR American Literature I ENG EL-3. 2 The following from American Literature of the nineteenth Century (Eurasia) and American Literature 1890-1965 (Eurasia) EmersonThe American Scholar, Self-Reliance, The Over-Soul Poe*The Raven, The Fall of the House of Usher, The Philosophy of Composition Whitman*When Lilacs Last in the Dooryard Bloomd, Passage to India *Wallace StevensThe Emperor of Ice-cream, Sunday Morning.*Emily DickinsonI Taste a Liquor Never Brewed, I Felt a Funeral in My Brain, The Soul Selects Her Own Society, Because I Could not Stop for Death, These Are the eld When Birds Come *Tennessee WilliamsA Streetcar Named Desire Edward AlbeeZoo Story SEMESTER IV Course 13 Fiction II ENG401 ConradHeart of Darkness WoolfMrs. Dalloway JoyceA portraying of the Artist as a Young Man LawrenceWomen in Love Kingsley AmisLucky Jim Course 14 Literary Criticism & Theory II ENG 402 Eliotcustom and the Individual TalentThe Function of Criticism Hamlet (Selected Essays) fatardsPrinciples of Literary Criticism (Chs.IV-XV, XXI, XXXIV, XXXV and Appendix A On Value) RansomA Note on Ontology (Twentieth Century Criticism The Major Statements, eds. Handy and Westbrook) The following critics from David Lodge, ed. Modern criticism and Theory A Reader (London Longman, 1988)The following critics from D avid Lodge, ed. Modern Criticism and Theory A Reader (London Longman, 1988) SaussureNature of the Linguistic Sign DerridaStructure, Sign and Play in the discourse of the human Sciences SaidCrisis (in Orientialism) ShowalterFeminist criticism in the natural state EagletonCapitalism, Modernism and Postmodernism.Course 15 Indian Literature in English II ENG EL-4. 1 Mulk Raj AnandUntouchable R. K. NarayanThe Financial Expert Raja RaoThe Serpent and the rope Anita DesaiVoices in the City Salman RushdieMidnights Children Amitav GhoshThe Shadow Lines Jawahar Lal NehruAn Autobiography OR American Literature II ENG EL-4. 2 HawthorneThe Scarlet Letter MelvilleBilly Budd FaulknerLight in August HemingwayA Farewell to Arms Ralph EllisonInvisible Man Saul BellowHumboldts Gift Course 16 Indian Literature in Translation ENG EL-4. 3 The following poets from Oxford Anthology of Modern Indian Poetry eds.Vinay Dharwadker & A. K. Ramanujan Sitanshu YashashchandraDrought V Indira BhavaniAvatars Ali Sardar JafriMorsel Paresh Chandra RautSnake TagoreHomecoming My Lord, The Baby Shrilal ShuklaRag Darbari TendulkarGhasiram Kotwal AnanthamurthySamskara Translation, Theory and place OR New Literatures in English ENG EL-4. 4 The following poets from An Anthology of Commonwealth Poetry ed. C D Narasimhaiah, Macmillan *A. D. HopeAustralia The Death of the Bird *AtwoodJourney to the privileged *A. K. RamanujanDeath and the Good Citizen Waterfalls in a Bank (The Collected Poems of A.K. Ramanujan, OUP)*Agha Shahid AliShowman The Season of the Plains (Twelve Modern Indian Poets ed. A. K. Mehrotra, OUP) Chinua AchebeThings Fall Apart V. S. NaipaulA House for Mr. Biswas Wole SoyinkaThe passage Patrick WhiteVoss Nadine GordimerThe Burgers Daughter OR Women Writing ENG EL-4. 5 The following poets from The Faber Book of 20th Century Womens Poetry ed.Fleur Adcock Margaret AtwoodSiren Song Adrienne RichSnapshots of a Daughter-in-Law U A FanthorpeNot My Best Side Sylvia PlathLady Lazurus Gwendolyn BrooksA Sunset of the City Shashi DeshpandeThat Long SilenceCharlotte BronteJane Eyre Tony MorrisonBeloved bloody shame WollstonecraftA Vindication of the Rights of Women John Stuart MillThe Subjection of Women Virginia WoolfA Room of Ones Own OR European Literature in Translation ENG EL-4. 6 SophoclesOedipus the King DostoevskyCrime and Punishment FlaubertMadam Bovary KafkaMetamorphosis Alberto MoraviaThe Woman of Rome BrechtMother Courage BaudelaireLes Fleurs du mal (Flower of Evil) RilkeThe Sonnets to Orpheus No. X The First Elegy (Duino Elegies) The Poet, retrospect (from Collected Poems of Rainer Maria Rilke, Modern Library, New York). l

Globalization & world Essay

Globalization is one of the to the highest degree recent phenomenons ever so to strike humanity upon its entrance to the 21st century. Historically speaking, globalization itself has been around for decades capacious before it was conceived as a field of study of international pile. Some economists and historians cont suppress that the concepts of globalization have been prevalent so far during time when the Silk Road started in China up to the Roman Empire. Some, however, argue that globalization began during the 19th century when the prevalence of the Industrial Age was at its fastest and that trade between Europe, their colonies and the Americas were outgrowth steadily.Major advances in applied science, especially during the 20th century, eventually led countries to first baseer trading costs hence, highlighting the inevitability of the expansion of trade within the internationalist Community. Still, globalization, as a term, was never used by economists at least not unt il the early 1980s. Furtherto a greater extent, all its concepts and ideas were never really fully understood by the academic community until the early 1990s. Fortunately, afterward seven years into the 21st century, much of the world is already aware of its contexts and aspects from outsourcing to currency trading via wireless applications.Still, condescension our knowledge of globalization, we cannot deny the position that we know less astir(predicate) its implications for the time to come. Globalization, as a field of study, is a mercurial subject that, even with the assistance of existent data and information, is almost eventually unpredictable. Despite the existence of a myriad of books, journals and articles pertaining to the topic of Globalization, we cannot deny that we have yet to fully understand its future trends.Indeed, a major advancement brought by sophisticated technology can ultimately commute, once again, the face of the International Community thus, affec ting international trade and ultimately affecting the globalization of the world. On a further note, third world countries that would eventually become first world countries in the future whitethorn end up shifting the international balance of trade and commerce for first world countries. As such, it is very tempting to imagine what the International Community would be like if, for some infinitesimal chance, the African Continent booms like Asia.If such an event occurs, will globalization be the cause for it? Alternatively, will globalization even allow such an event to occur? People who are against the advancements of globalization argue that globalization only benefits the rich north and detriments the poor south. This is evident from the circumstance that countries in the northern hemisphere tend to play in a neo-imperialist fashion among the countries in the southern hemisphere. Anti-globalization movements insist that the prevalence of globalization only op periodtor the preva lence of multinational corporations (MNCs).They contend that these corporations, while providing employment for the local population, only encourage to a greater extent poverty in the land. Multinational corporations, upon entering a country, right away eliminates local competitors thus, destroying the balance of power between local and foreign. As such, the country becomes subject to the influence of foreign countries that originally holds these multinational corporations. This automatically becomes a crystalize of leverage for foreign countries (which are, most of the time, rich countries coming from the north) against the country holding their MNCs.On the opposite hand, people that are for the advancements of globalization argues that free trade the important tool of globalization encourages more growth for developing economies compared to protectionism. Primarily, globalization allows several countries access to several goods and services that they could never produce or emulate from other countries. Furthermore, they contend that globalization encourages competition among local and foreign businesses. Though unfair at times, supporters of globalization claim that encouraging competition allows small businesses to grow, to become more efficient and to become more versatile.The arguments of both sides are truly credible. Indeed, globalization, as a concept, is considered by many as a double-edged sword though benefiting the user, it can, if careless enough, harm him/her as well. Globalization, as mentioned, is a recent phenomenon. As such, it is proven that the world has survived for decades without its presence. Now the underlying question is, can the world, now after being versed with the concepts of globalization, reverse its effects and abolish it completely? The answer, obviously, would be a sounding no definitely not.It is almost impossible for a country to reverse, much less resist, the effects of globalization. Globalization encourages the exchange of information and technology. If globalization is to cease, and that countries would now resort to protectionism, then growth for many countries would also grind to a halt. International trade is what makes every country wealthy. Unlike before in the early 15th up to the 18th centuries where colonialism and imperialism were one of the main methods of accumulating wealth wealth today are shared almost unanimously be every country in the world.From the trading of currency to the trading of services, countries today are fair even more interconnected than ever before. Consequently, putting a stop on that interconnectedness could ultimately destroy the economies of the world. Another good thing about Globalization is that it can serve as a buffer for possible aggressive maneuvers by violent countries. For instance, the Peoples Republic of China would never sort to war simply because starting a war can affect the economies of its neighbors hence, affecting its trade relations with them.Such a plausible fact just proves how salutary globalization is to the rest of the world. Globalization is an important aspect of the International Community. It is inevitable. It cannot be stopped nor can it be reversed. This realization has been the foundations of several international organizations in the past. International Organizations such as the International Monetary Fund (IMF), the World Bank (WB), the World Trade Organization (WTO) and others (i. e. Asian Development Bank, and so on ) have been the cornerstones of the worlds acceptance to globalization.These international organizations have become overseers of the international economy. For instance, the World Bank which is, by all means, Bank grants loans to countries but with the train of removing some (or most) of its protectionist policies hence, paving the way for the entrance of foreign companies. The World Trade Organization, on the other hand, makes its Member Countries abide by its rules and regul ations of free trade (simply, the remotion of trade barriers). These international organizations are in existence for the simple reason of understanding and monitoring the trends of globalization.In a globalized world, where everything is almost instant, it is important to have a huge body of experts whose main objectives are to understand the implications of such trends. Understanding the future implications of Globalization is not an easy task. For one thing (as mentioned), it is a volatile field of study. It is possible, however, to make certain predictions regarding future trends for globalizations. One possible prediction is the emergence or prevalence of offshoring. Offhsoring, in the simplest sense, refers to the relocation of businesses from one country to some other.This in the main pertains to business processes such as manufacturing, production and even services. This is done mainly in order to save costs through the hiring of a cheap workforce. united with low taxatio n, lax laws (i. e. environmental) and other such benefits, offshoring for corporations is truly a more tempting act than establishing their businesses locally. Depending on future circumstances, this disaster could prove detrimental to certify developed countries. Take, for instance, the American workforce. Several US corporations would most likely prefer to offshore their businesses processes (i. e.manufacturing) to other foreign countries instead of putting them up locally (mainly because of the low labor cost and others). As such, a huge number of the American population would remain unemployed. Still, since it is the future we are referring to, it is quite impossible to assure the possibility of such an event occurring. For one thing, many countries in the future would most likely transform themselves from third world countries to first world countries. As such, forward benefits such as cheap labor cost, lax laws and others could disappear or much less change depending on the economic status of that State.Yet another possible prediction is the ultra low cost of transportation ultimately making the transfer of goods and services very cheap thus, making international trade more disseminated and more beneficial. The introduction of future technologies could very well change the face of every country and how they conduct their trade relations. Not only that, proficient advancements in transportation may also mean that time will not become a factor anymore. The world may enter an era where everything can be delivered in a flash an era of instances. Such possibilities are credible.But again, future predictions can change drastically depending on future circumstances. In 2015, a lot of change couldve resulted from the prevalence of globalization. Assuming that the war in Iraq is now over and that democracy is now slowly spreading crosswise the Middle East, globalization will now have a chance to influence the Islamic region synonymously to that of how it influenced the Asian region. Indeed, globalization will counterbalance itself to open up new markets coupled with new opportunities for everyone. These predictions are a little ambitious as it gets.Looking at some current events, it may seem so. However, one must understand the fact that everything can change in an instant. A single event can change the history of the world in no less than 5 years. One example for that is the introduction of the internet. The prevalence of the internet made the world smaller and more interconnected than ever before. If a greater technological advancement could spark the same sort of impact as that expressed by the internet, then globalization can most likely shift to a higher level in a short span of time.Globalization, in its simplest sense (economic), refers to the transcendent movement of goods and services, labor, capital and technology on the international level. In some cases, globalization may also refer to the interconnectedness of countrie s and people through advancements in technology. This understanding of globalization, however, may change drastically in the next decade or century. Depending on future circumstances (i. e. continued growth and the absence of war) and major technological advancements, globalization may reach worlds beyond ours making the universe a smaller place than we perceive it to be.The possibility of this occurring, however, is hard to determine. Globalization, as discussed, is a double-edged sword. It works in two ways one, it benefits the country by providing different goods and services. It also allows the country access to foreign markets thus, providing an opportunity to earn more by selling more products. The other is that it destroys the countrys local economy by being outdone by foreign businesses. Truly, globalization is damaging for some but also beneficial at the same time.Sources Cited Whichard, O. G.(2003) Measuring Globalization The Experience of the United States of America (1 December 2007) Bureau of Economic Analysis Stubbs, R. and Underhill, G. R. D. (2005) The United States and Globalization Struggles with Hegemony (30 December 2007) Oxford University gouge Broda, C. and Weinstein, D. (2005) Are we underestimating the gains from Globalization for the United States? (30 December 2007) Federal Reserve Bank of New York Glasel, J. (2006) Globalizations winners and losers New York The New York Times (1 December 2006) http//query. nytimes.com/gst/fullpage. hypertext markup language? res=9F05E3DD1630F932A05751C1A9609C8B63&sec=&spon=&pagewanted=2 Scheve, K. F and Slaughter, M. J. (2007) A New Deal for Globalization Foreign Affairs (30 November 2007) http//www. foreignaffairs. org/20070701faessay86403/kenneth-f-scheve-matthew-j-slaughter/a-new-deal-for-globalization. hypertext mark-up language Rosenberg, Tina. (2002) Globalization. New York Times 30 November 2007, http//query. nytimes. com/gst/fullpage. html? res=940CE5DD103AF93BA2575BC0A9649C8B63&n=Top/Refe rence/Times%20Topics/Organizations/I/International%20Monetary%20Fund

Comparing Miley and Taylor

Compare and severalize writing Topic Compare two storied people Taylor Swift and Miley Cyrus Outline * Background started to perform at young age * Success Forbes list, teenagers idol all over the dry land * Composing vestments write about their own relationship Each celebrity tends to create their own style in both life and music to become unique and then impress audience. On newspapers or magazines, Taylor Swift and Miley Cyrus are two obviously different images, the former is innocent and graceful, the latter seems to be stubborn and strong however, in fact, they share some surprising similarities.One important similarity is their background. Both Taylor and Miley started their career at their young age. When Taylor was nine, she spent nearly of her weekends relation at local festivals, fairs, coffee houses, etc. After impressing music managers by her performing at Radio Corporation of America records showcase, she signed her setoff contrast with Big Machine Records at th e age of fourteen and released her debut album three years later. Like Taylor, Miley was just eight years old when she has her first role in the film Doc.Nevertheless, her name has not been known by the world until she received the leading role for the film Hannah Montana, a Disney Channels musical children series. Another similarity between Taylor and Miley is their fame. It goes without saying that both of them have great impact on young people. In 2010, Taylor held the sixteenth position on the Forbess Celebrity 100. Beside many worldwide hits, she sold over 26 million albums and 75 million download digitals and became one of the most successful female singers in the history of the US music industry.Similarly, Miley ranked number thirteen on Forbes list in the same year. She also win a Guinness World Record for the song Party in the USA and has million fans all over the world. Finally, two beautiful singers share one habit which is that compose and sing songs about their lovers. One of the most famous relationships of Taylor was with Joe Jonas who broke up with her by a 27-second phone call. After the separation, Taylor wrote a song about his faithless and put it in her best-selling album, Fearless.Following this song, Taylor tends to integrate her own experience with man in each song she composes, and they all achieve their popularity. Likewise, Miley wrote the lyrics for the song 7 things about her ex-boyfriend and 12 other songs which are inspired by her relationship with her finance in her latest album. Although Taylor and Miley are unique artists, there are rummy similarities in their background, reputation and composing habit. In a way, those are reasons why they are close friend in real life.

Early Racism in Disney Movies Essay

Disneys early serve has always had a trace of racial discrimination in them, I recently watched Disneys Fantasia released in 1942 was edited and remade because of a rattling racist scene. I watched a scene where there argon many colorful centaurs, male and female they are frolicking through similar a forest. When the lady centaurs notice the males there are midget baby cupids that comply down and are getting them all dolled up for the male centaurs. Every male is matched up with their matching color centaurs the scene ends with every centaur and their mate coquet and having a ball. The part that was cut out was one little black centaur a girl with barrettes in her hair. She was wiping the hooves of the other centaurs and brushing their hair while the little baby cupids, she had no mate she was safe a little servant.(Cite here)We all know the story of Pocahontas a lot of people only know the Disney version. The scene does have some truth to it but is definitely racist. John Smith a colonist coming to find the new world, a very stunning, gentle young man. (Cite 4) traveling with his men and of course Governor Radcliff, with his ugly little pug and very opinionated, a man who is not afraid to share his ethics to the world. He was probably the most racist character referring to Native American Americans as savages and uncivilized, and the only reason he is coming to the new world is because he wants g grey-headed and to become wealthy. (cite 4) now this part of history is dead on, the settlers did not want to make friends and start a new life in a new place, they wanted gold and land, and they didnt care for native Americans to much. (Cite here) There is even a meter called Savages a very very racist song almost natives.Like it wasnt enough to call them savages they go on to say things like Theyre not like you and me. Which means they must be evil We must sound the drums of war because natives did not speak or dress like the settlers but thats not all they call them red man Devils and say theyre barely even human with Radcliff saying things like What can you expect. From filthy little heathens? Heres what you get when races are assorted (Thats right). Their skins a hellish red. Theyre only good when dead. Theyre vermin, as I said. (Cite 4) this song is a song I sang as kid never knowing what I was singing, like it was so wrong for a culture to be different, is this what Disney is teaching our children? That anything that is different cannot be trusted or even given a chance.Disney pictures have always had racism in their movies but the one movie that had the most obvious racism would have to be Disneys Song of the South.The Song of the South, one of Disneys most controversial movies ever made, racism, stereotyping, and ignorance galore. The Song of the South was aired at the drop Theater in Atlanta, Georgia in 1946, over 64 years ago. (Cite 1)Walt Disneys animation empire wasnt doing so good finically and decided he wanted to a movie based on a childhood book he read as a kid. (Cite 2) a story about an old Negro, who tells stories to a young white boy the stories of uncle Remus (Cite 2).The animation was based on stories told by an old African American man, Uncle Remus about a Mr. hunt and Mr. Fox, the same plot, as the book with very similar characters, and the same message. The message that a lot of people got was that slavery was being glorified. The angriest was the NAACP (National Association for the Advancement of slanting People) they were the most offended. They had many concerns with the entire film they didnt want people thinking that this how slavery was. (Cite 3) In this movie Uncle Remus, played by crowd together Baskett (cite 1) was an old Negro who lives in Georgia on a plantation.He is not like normal slaves, he comes and goes as he pleases, and he loves his life on the plantation. He sings songs like Let the Rain Pour Down with lyrics like Let the rain pour down, let the cold wind bl ow Gonna keep right here in the home I know (Trouble fly away fly away). When youre achin with the misry, and youre old and gray, (headin, headin) Then youd remedy be thankful that He let you stay which means that even though they made us come here and do this hard work we still should be thankful for what they do actually let us have, like a place to stay. (Cite 1) to add even more fuel to the usher out Disney thought it would be a good idea to premier this movie in Atlanta, a very segregated city at the time, the stars of the movie James Brackett, uncle Remus and Hattie McDaniel his wife Aunty Tempy would not even be allowed to sit in the same seats as the white dignitaries.Their own Governor made statements like I was raised among niggers and I understand them. I want to see them treated fairly and I want them to have justice in the courts. yet I want to deal with the nigger this way he must come to my back door, take off his hat and say, Yes, sir (Bernstein 233). (Cite 2) ev en stillDisney claims they were not in a racist state of mind. (Cite 2) this movie will go down in history as probably the most blantaly racist movie Disney has ever made.Disney does not have anything to say about theses animations, they have become one of those things people just dont talk about anymore. withal though a lot of these racist movies are still popular today, and are being remade and rereleased. Disney is still very successful business even with these very rough patches in the beginning and majority of children and parents in the world really do enjoy Disney, but does that mean we should just disregard their mistakes and stereotypical movies, should we just pretend that these movies have offended and will continue to offending races without any concern for people they offend?

Impact of Wikileaks on the Global Political and Economic Landscape Essay

IntroductionWikiLeaks website has changed the profession of journalism in the United States and the media perspective with its flow in the information society. The website is a computer programme that helps unmask all the corruption activities going on in the semipolitical science offices. Of all the media computer programmes WikiLeaks is the most famous for the news updates on political matters happening in the states and round the globe. Wilileaks has contri scarceed to some(prenominal) media conflicts especially between the United States and other nations and that is why the disposal does non support its activities at all. In my essay, I am going to look for the various ways in which WikiLeaks has helped unmask several criminal and corruption activities going on in the country. Although some of its news atomic number 18 a snack compromising to the security and dignity of the nation the platform has given light to the people of the United States of America.Wikileaks is a non-profitable and non-commercial internet platform that was introduced in 2006 by Julia Assage. It relies on online donation for all its functioning and funding. Its main purpose is to upload documents that help expose the giving medication and corporate institutions to the public. These documents are uploaded anonymously by using an online obligingness form. The importance of this platform is that it has the potential to make known the scale of brutality and violence especially in the military welfare.Political honesty is a law that every U S politician should exercise and with the help of Wikileaks they beat no option but observe it. In other words, a diary keeper platform watchdog makes secrets transparent to all and especially those involving the public. Most media organization has tried to view groups kindred WikiLeaks in several dimensions with most of them considering its concrete actions as one of the online activism and the impacts of its actions. It is important to first note the relationship between the two groups, media and administration. In most incidences the media always seems to be conflicting with the government over issues regarding the people. Platforms like WikiLeaks are great threat to the state government especially in issues of corruption and law (Shirky, 2011, p.41).Through their online activism, Anonymous and WikiLeaks groups have their antecedent to unmask power structures like the corrupt police departments in the US, and all the Armison brutality activities. While WikiLeaks has grasped fame as a whistle blowing site since its introduction in 2006, its reputation change magnitude when it released the so-called Iraq and Afghanistan war document in 2010. This document contained crucial and important information well-nigh the events that in like mannerk place and the people and nations responsible for the war. The United States government was not happy with the release of these documents as they posed great danger of terror attacks by either Iraq or Afghanistan. These two countries are known for their fierce terrorist act activities and interfering with them would be like provoking them.The release of these documents brought about a number of questions concerning the legal implication of journalism freedom with top government officials claiming that too much freedom will lead to mis habituate of information or misinterpretation of some crucial and sensitive information (Springer, 2014, p.411).Actions of WikiLeaks have affected the media platform in various concrete ways.The likes of Tambini and Lynch have tried to investigate the implication of WikiLeaks tend and the measures to regulate the censorship of related sites especially in the UK and US. They fence that whistle blowing organizations should be awarded protection under the law on their ability to self-regulate and develop ethical principles to govern their freedom of publication and decisions they make on their work. The platform poses a gr eat threat to the government and politicians and there are fears that if allowed to continue with its activities it will ca call a lot of harm to the U S government by exposing sensitive government secrets to the world. Other nations also feel that WikiLeaks should be restricted on some publications because some of the information it exposes might cause a lot of friction especially between nations.The advancement of WikiLeaks since its establishment up to the publication of the Iraq and Afghanistan document was marked by a degree of media fascination, which made it gain a lot of fame compared to other media platforms. This posed a great threat to the media personalities who felt that WikiLeaks was gaining fame with each passing day making their work very serious to appeal their audience. Its turn roughly moment came in 2010 and continued to 2011 when the organization produced a lot of materials and documents regarding the Iraq war, the Collateral Murder Video and the diplomatic cab le.There have been several attempts by media organizations to look down on the role of cites like WikiLeaks and deny them the freedom to post confidential documents although these attempts have not succeeded because the platform is under the media dictum which protects all its activities. It also describes itself as a watchdog for the people we believe that it is not only the people of the United States who should keep their government honest but also people from other countries and that is why other countries are also opposing Wikileaks activities. (Pozen, 2013, p.635).We can say that wikiLeaks has played a great role in ensuring that congress does not abuse the powers granted to it and its members. He makes information about organizations that abuse powers granted to them available to the public and so they are aware of what their leading do this makes leading very keen on what they do. Anonymous submission of analyzed documents about the various activities going on in public o ffices and organizations are presented on the WikiLeaks website enabling millions of viewers to have knowledge of what is happening behind the curtains of power. The difference between WikiLeaks and other sites like Wikipedia is that it engages mostly in the political struggles.The use of media has become a trend in the United States making the latter transparent and exposing those who try to abuse office powers granted to them. Today we live in a world where technology is the main aspect to shaping the lives of many people. The internet is now being used as an eye of power to fishing gear various aspects of crimes performed by leaders especially in third world countries (Coleman, 2014, p.406).Based on various aspects of tradition we can define power as the disposition over the means required to influence various processes and decisions in our daily lives. this means that the power to control several issues like political influences and distribution of resources can be distributed in a more systematic way.Democracy is the only way to ensure there is equal distribution and exercise of both political and cultural powers. Organizations like WikiLeaks exist because we live in an era where political and cultural powers are not exercised fairly as expected. Any government that exercises its powers as expected should not have any worries about organizations set to scan their activities. They should instead be supporting such groups so that they can demonstration their good work on these sites. The United States government highly opposes such organizations like Wikileaks because they are afraid that their dirty linens will be exposed to the public. analysis shows that the most important element of WikiLeaks is to make the Obama government practice transparency in their works and offices, establish a more transparent, and open government. The platform defines itself as a liberal project that protects the rights of the United States people especially freedom of speec h because it strengthens democracy by exposing government corruption. He places his emphasis on documenting government and corporate irresponsibility and abuse of powers. This shows the general public that the corrupt government is the main problem in the worlds economy and is pulling emergence behind. Instead of improving the livelihood of their nations politicians are busy engaging themselves embezzling funds and resources meant to improve the development of their citizens.There has been an emerging body geared at seek a framework to examine the works of WikiLeaks and its impact on the current situation in the U S. The widespread use of technology has made his work a success in various ways and has brought a great impact to the worlds economy. Following the publication of the Iraq documents the United States government intemperately criticized WikiLeaks work. The government claimed that these documents were a great threat to the security of their country and could put the citize ns at a very high risk of terror attacks by the Afghanistan government (Springer, 2014, p.411).The truth about the WikiLeaks documents is that they got the potential and ability to make visible the amount of brutality and violence especially in military horror conflicts during their activities because some use a lot of brutality on their subjects. The site is political based since most of its news come from the political arena, although many view it as a threat to ruling groups and they see it as an enemy. Instead criticizing such cites we should base our efforts in monitoring the governance offered by our political leaders. We should ask ourselves are our political leaders meeting all our demands and expectations. Do they take advantage of the powers granted to them to abuse office? In fact, we should ensure that we capture every activity they pioneer so that we can be sure of what they do with our money. They should be aware that the public is watching their every move and be con scious of their actions.There has been a problem with scientists arguing that the journalism powers and freedom granted to these sites are too much and they are using them inappropriately to create biased information. Most leaders are unable to verify the facts stated in the articles because they do not have a strong background. This makes the general public doubt their potential and honor in the accused incidents. virtually of these articles have very confidential information about the government and exposing them is like displaying the secrets of a state. The scientist claims that there should be a legitimate limit to the freedom of publication of such documents to the internet because they may cause a great damage in future (Gibson 2013, p. 314).In my study, I have explored several things and have learnt that journalism benefits from a disclosure of the framework in which it is built. A journalism model is bound to in a flash or in directly affects the model in which leaking of important documents will be exposed to the public. In my opinion, WikiLeaks models are the most effective journalism models since they abide to the entire ethic. Real life cases are always the best examples to handle and solve situations and that is why it is advisable in some situations to leave behind the easy scenarios to get the best military issue to fit in the world.Most critiques of Wikileaks have released their anger by claiming that exposing secret documents will pose great danger to Americans. For instance, if you expose concrete information about a certain terror group the group is bound to take revenge on you by conducting a terror attack on you. Some of the bring oners do not look at the possibilities of posing danger to the people but stick to the fact that the public has the right to know what is happening around them regardless of the intensity of the matter. It is therefore advisable that these journalists are cautious of what they publish to the public to avo id any conflicts. I believe that journalists have the right to publish what they want and help the public know about their government on the basis that they abide by the rules put in place to govern their publications.ReferencesCurran, G, & Gibson, M 2013, WikiLeaks, Anarchism and Technologies of Dissent,Antipode, 45, 2, pp. 294-314, academician Search Premier, EBSCOhost, viewed 28 November 2014.Springer, S, Chi, H, Crampton, J, McConnell, F, Cupples, J, Glynn, K, Warf, B, & Attewell, W 2012, Leaky Geopolitics The Ruptures and Transgressions of WikiLeaks,Geopolitics, 17, 3, pp. 681-711, Academic Search Premier, EBSCOhost, viewed 28 November 2014.Youngblood Coleman, D 2014, United States 2014 terra firma Review,United States Country Review, pp. 1-981, Business Source Complete, EBSCOhost, viewed 28 November 2014.Coleman, DY 2014, Afghanistan,Afghanistan Country Review, pp. 2-406, Business Source Complete, EBSCOhost, viewed 28 November 2014.Pozen, DE 2013, The Leaky Levia than Why The Government Condemns And Condones Unlawful Disclosures Of Information,Harvard Law Review, 127, 2, pp. 512-635, Academic Search Premier, EBSCOhost, viewed 28 November 2014.Shirky, C 2011, The Political Power of Social Media,Foreign Affairs, 90, 1, pp. 28-41, Academic Search Premier, EBSCOhost, viewed 28 November 2014.